HSC | English 2nd Paper | Important Composition Writing 1-5 : Assalamu Alaikum HSC students, how are you all? Today I will discuss most Important Composition Writing in HSC exam from English 2nd paper.
1. The Wonders of Modern Science
Or, The Blessings of Modern Science
Or, Science in Everyday Life
[Ctg. B. 2009, C. B. 2009, J. B. 2012, Dnj. B. 2012, S.B. 2012, R.B. 2012, D.B. 2012, B.B. 2014]
We live in an age of science. It has changed the face of the world. So the wonders of science are visible everywhere around us. It has made our life easy, longer and comfortable. We cannot think of our life without science.
Science has contributed greatly to our comforts and pleasures. Air- conditioning can keep us cool everywhere in the world. Central heating makes it possible to keep us warm even at the Poles. Labour- saving gadgets have lessened the burden of house work. Again, we have cinema, television, radio, etc for our recreation.
Invention of electricity has changed the whole world overnight. We have electric lights, fans, refrigerators and all the labour-saving devices at home – all work through the power of electricity. Electricity also enables us to use elevators and escalators that save us the trouble of going up and down flights of stairs.
Science has removed the distance of place. It has saved time. We also have wonderful means of travel. Cars and buses are very common. Electric trains carry us across the land with great speed. Jet planes go like a flash across the sky. Thus speedy travel is possible only on account of the wonders of science. With the help of science, we have even reached the moon. Soon we are going to visit other planets.
Science has done a great magic in the field of communication. Telephone, Fax, wireless, mobile phone, internet etc. – all great wonders of science, have conquered time, space and distance and brought the world closer to us.
Invention of computer is the greatest wonder of modern science. In fact, computer is reigning all over the previous inventions that mankind has ever made possible. Using internet technology with computer has brought another revolution for man. It has made world fastest which is beyond imagination. It has turned the world a global village.
Science has also done miracles in the medical world. Robot, test tube child, heart- transplantation; are all the dramatic contributions of science. We can mention the names of eye-grafting etc penicillin, x-rays, ECG, biopsy, ultra-sonography. radiotherapy etc. as the fighting weapons of science against diseases. In fact, there is no limit to the wonders of science. We cannot do even a day without the help of science.
2. The Flood in Bangladesh
Or, The Recent Floods in Bangladesh
Blessed with the gifts of modern science, man is puffed up with pride. In his pride of power he proclaims himself the Lord of land, air and water and there is none to dispute his right. To teach him a good lesson nature appears before him “red in tooth and claw”.
Bangladesh is a low land. It has many rivers. She is also in the monsoon area. It rains heavily during the monsoon period. So floods are very common in our country. Almost every year flood visits our country.
In the remote past it was believed that flood is the outcome of God’s wrath upon man. When people of a particular area committed sin, God punished them by sending floods in that area. With the growth of scientific knowledge man has however come to realize that floods are caused by heavy rains. Rivers cannot hold the waters. As a result they overflow their banks and cause flood. Floods are caused by some other reasons. Sometimes, there is heavy rush of water from the mountain through our rivers. Sudden melting of snow or tidal bores causes flood.
The havoc done by flood beggars description. It causes a heavy damage to our life and properties. Houses are destroyed, cattle are washed away, crops are greatly damaged and trees are uprooted. The weak, the invalid and the children meet watery grave. The strong climb up the trees or house tops and save themselves. Thousands of people become homeless or shelterless. They remain without food for many days on house tops or on the branches of trees. All communications from the outside world is cut off. Then people move by boats.
The flood of 1988 broke the records of the past. Never before did water level rise so high nor was the duration so long. The whole country went under water. All communication was cut off. Normal activities were stopped for long time. Many people became homeless. The miseries of the affected people knew no bounds. Crops were greatly damaged. Herds of cattle were washed away. Thousands of people met watery grave. In a word the havoc was so great that it took a long time to repair the loss.
But the after effect of floods are more serious. Famine breaks out in the flood affected areas and many people die for want of food. The prices of all necessary things go up. Many dangerous diseases like cholera, typhoid and dysentery etc. break out in an epedemic form. Scarcity of good drinking water causes great suffering. It ruins the economy of a country.
Floods do a little good to man. During floods our rivers carry a great deal of earth and mud which we call silt. This silt makes the land fertile. As a result many kinds of crops grow in plenty. Floods also carry away waste matters.
During and after the flood the relief work should go on. Otherwise the miseries of the affected people will increase. During the flood government and some other voluntary organisations come forward to help the flood affected people. Relief camps are opened. People get food, cloths, and other necessary things there. The affected people should be sheltered and fed for a long time. Loans should be given them so that they could again run their family.
Proper steps should be taken to control floods. All the rivers should be reexcavated and good drainage system should be introduced. A large number of sluices and outlets should be made for the easy passing of rain water.
3. Compulsory Primary Education
The meaning of compulsory primary education is that all the children upto the age of 10 must complete their education upto the level of class v. Its purpose is to impart knowledge of reading, writing and simple Arithmetic.
Illiteracy is a curse. It is the root cause of poverty. No development programme can attain success due to illiteracy. On the other hand education is the backbone of a nation. It removes darkness and enlightens mind. It also shows how malnutrition, hunger and disease can be overcome. If the citizens of a country are given right type of education, they will be able to solve the economic, social and political problems of their country. Hence all the children of a country like ours must be given education upto certain level. Therefore, universal primary education has become a vital national issue.
Bangladesh is beset with many problems. So it is very difficult to educate all the people within short time. A large portion of the children have not yet got the opportunity to go to primary schools. There are about 44000 primary schools in our country which are not sufficient to provide accommodation for all the children. Moreover the poor and illiterate parents do not realise the importance of education. Considering all these problems, primary education should be made free and compulsory.
In order to make the compulsory free primary education programme successful we have to eradicate the problems that stand in the way of it. Firstly the parents should be made to realise the importance of education. More schools should be established so that no student is deprived of having primary education. Poor students should be provided with books, pens, dresses etc. free of cost. In order to build up good and efficient teachers, training facilities should be arranged.
The government of our country has taken some steps to remove illiteracy from the society. The year 1992 has started as the year for universal education. For this purpose one thana has been selected there. All other thanas will be brought under this programme by phases. The government has also in every district. All the children between ages from 5 to 7 must go to school. They are taught free taken vigorous campaign programme to motivate parents to send their children to schools. The government has also launched food for education programme to inspire the poor parents to send their children to schools. Text books are also supplied to the students free of cost. Again UNSESCO, BRAC, ASHA and many other organizations have come forward to wipe out illiteracy from the country.
The prosperity and progress of our nation depends upon the complete removal of illiteracy. For that implementation of compulsory free primary education has become a crying need. If we are to take a rightful place in the world, we have to spend all our resources and energies to this great purpose without wasting time any more.
4. Environment Pollution in Bangladesh [C. B. 2017]
Environment pollution is a much-talked topic of the present time. Our life is so deeply and invariably related to environment that any pollution of it causes dangers and brings about differentdisasters.
Environment is being polluted in a number of ways. Human beings and their unscrupulous activities are mostly responsible for all kinds of pollution occured.
Air is the most vital element of the environment. Air is being polluted by the smoke and different gases emitted from various sources. Increasing population need more fuel and more cars. So, when they clear forests for wood and burn them as fuel, and run car by burning gasoline, they create smoke. This also pollutes the air.
Water, another important element of the environment is also being polluted in many different ways. Mills and factories, water-vehicles, and human beings throw their waste products and rubbish in the water and thus pollute water. Insanitary latrines, chemical fertilizers and insecticides used in farmlands, drainage and swerage lines also contribute to further pollution.
We also experience sound and odour pollution. Modern life is full of machines. And different types of machines, transports and also metal works create a lot of noise and causes sound pollution. Again, due to lack of proper disposal, rubbish dumped here and there create stinking smell causing odour pollution.
Environmental pollution badly and seriously affect our lives. Pollution causes various health hazards. A polluted environment breeds different kinds of germs and diseases, some of which are very fatal for human lives. People not only suffer from various diseases and illness, their normal life is also destroyed.
Besides health hazards, environmental pollution causes other harms. It causes temperatures to rise. As a result, different epidemic break out and natural disaster occur. Thus environmental pollution harms both lives and nature. Today, we know that environment pollution is the major cause of global warming, and consequenty climate change. And, as a consquence of global warming of climate change, the whole human race will face unprecedented calamity and danger.
Raising awareness about how to protect environment and how to reduce pollution can be a good solution. Apart from this, we have to use environment-friendly fuels-like bio fuels or natural gas, and also environment friendly machines. Finally, environment protection laws should be made effective and those who pollute environment indiscriminately or violate laws, should be severely punished.
Environmental pollution is a global issue. In Bangladesh, the problem requires special attention and address because we are heading towards a disaster as our environment is now in a very adverse condition. If we want to live a healthy and peaceful life and a sound and better living, we must prevent environmental pollution and protect the environment.
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5. Mass Media
Present age is called the age of information. And mass media are the powerful and the most effective instruments of spreading or sharing information. With the advancement of digital technology, mass media have become a powerful and quick means of communication, of broadcasting news and views, of disseminating ideas and massages, and making information available anywhere in the world.
The means of communicating news and information is termed as mass media. Mass media is classified in two categories – print media and electronic media. Print media include newspaper, magazines, journals, and other printed materials, while electronic media include radio, television, satellite channels, internet, cinema etc.
Media is called the public forum-or people’s parliament. Media play the role of bridge between government and general people in times of different national need. Media do not simply provide people with information, news and ideas, but also raise various issues on socio-econo-political matters. They also form consciousness, and public opinions in different problems and issues. People express their opinions. Through media various formats of programmes like talk show, street show, documentary, live reporting, vedio articles, editorials on different local and global issues are broadcast and published. Media keep us up dated about what is happening around the world. Media focus on various social evils, political or economic crisises and guide people through them. Today, right to information is recognised as one of the fundamental rights of people, and media ensure this right.
In today’s world of globalization, the impact and influence of mass media is more than ever, and all pervasive. Media affects and influence almost all aspects of our life. Mass media have a profound influence on people’s thinking, sentiment, sensibilities and their mode of reactions. Thus, media can direct people to both constructive and destructive purposes. If the power of media is used positively, it can do good to society and a country. But if the power in mishandled or misused for any vested-interest by any quarter, or by any propaganda party, then it can cause great harm, anarchy and confusion is society and in state. Media are so influential and powerful that people instantly believe what they hear or watch on media. That is why famous Canadian theorist and media critic Marshall Macluhan said that “Media is the message.’
Mass media play an important role in today’s world of communication and information. It is upto us to draw benefit or harm from media, to evalute and judge the messages of media. We need to be careful about dealing with mass media. Considering the far-reaching influence, concerned authorities should use them for the greater benefit of mankind.
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